Portrait. Claude Lévêque

Portrait

Born in 1944, I grew up in a world in which polio was both a gripping fear and real threat. Then in a matter of a few years-polio was eradicated by a vaccine developed by Jonas Salk. Later I learned that Salk's efforts were built on pioneering work of many others, including John Enders, Thomas Weller and Frederick Robbins (Nobelists, 1954), and David Bodian, who pioneered studies of polio patho...

Claude Cachera

our synthetic ape C-il (46-58) gave a negative response when tested with purified native apolipoprotein C-fl. Double iminunodiffusion (Ouchterlony technique) of antibodies against our synthetic ape E (141-155) gave a positive immunoprecipitation line with Purified apolipoprotein E, which showed a partial identity with those obtained with polyclonal antibodies raised against the native protein. ...

CLAUDE BARDOS and BASILE

Claude Shannon : Biologist :

Claude Shannon founded information theory in the 1940s. The theory has long been known to be closely related to thermodynamics and physics through the similarity of Shannon's uncertainty measure to the entropy function. Recent work using information theory to understand molecular biology has unearthed a curious fact: Shannon's channel capacity theorem only applies to living organisms and their ...

Happy Birthday, Claude Bernard

The founding father of modern physiology, Claude Bernard, was born on 12 July 1813 in Saint-Julien en Beaujolais in France. This year, we mark his 200th birthday. When Claude Bernard started exploring metabolism and diabetes, strange hypotheses were circulating in the medical community. One of them, formulated by Mialhe, was that glucose was transported by the lymphatic system into the blood an...